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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Rossmo's formula ： ウィキペディア英語版 Rossmo's formula Rossmo's formula is a geographic profiling formula to predict where a serial criminal lives. The formula was developed and patented〔Rossmo, D. K. (1996). U.S. Patent No. 5,781,704. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.〕 by criminologist Kim Rossmo and integrated into a specialized crime analysis software product called (Rigel ). The Rigel product is developed by the software company Environmental Criminology Research Inc. (ECRI), which Rossmo co-founded.〔Rich, T. and Shively, M (2004, December).P. 14. A Methodology for Evaluating Geographic Profiling Software. U.S. Department of Justice, Retrieved from https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/208993.pdf〕 ==Formula== Imagine a map with an overlaying grid of little squares named sectors. If this map is a raster image file on a computer, these sectors are pixels. A sector $S\_$ is the square on row ''i'' and column ''j'', located at coordinates (''Xi'',''Yj''). The following function gives the probability $p\_$ of the position of the serial criminal residing within a specific sector (or point) $(X\_,Y\_)$:〔 〕 :$$ p_ = k \sum_^ \left (characteristic function that returns 0 when a point $(X\_,Y\_)$ is an element of the buffer zone B (the neighborhood of a criminal residence that is swept out by a radius of B from its center). $\backslash phi\_$ allows ''p'' to switch between the two terms. If a crime occurs within the buffer zone, then $\backslash phi\_=0$ and, thus, the first term does not contribute to the overall result. This is a prerogative for defining the first term in the case when the distance between a point (or pixel) becomes equal to zero. When $\backslash phi\_\; =\; 1$, the 1st term is used to calculate $p\_$. $\backslash mid\; X\_i\; -\; x\_n\; \backslash mid\; +\; \backslash mid\; Y\_j\; -\; y\_n\; \backslash mid$ is the Manhattan distance between a point $(X\_,Y\_)$ and the ''n''-th crime site $(x\_,y\_)$. 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.